Transcription factor interacting with photoreceptors phyA and phyB. Forms a ternary complex in vitro with G-box element of the promoters of LHY, CCA1. Acts as a negative regulator of phyB signalling. It degrades rapidly after irradiation of dark grown seedlings in a process controlled by phytochromes. Does not play a significant role in controlling light input and function of the circadian clockwork. Binds to G- and E-boxes, but not to other ACEs. Binds to anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in a light- and HY5-independent fashion. PIF3 function as a transcriptional activator can be functionally and mechanistically separated from its role in repression of PhyB mediated processes.
Encodes a novel Myc-related bHLH transcription factor that has transcriptional activation activity in the dark. It is a key negative regulator of phytochrome-mediated seed germination and acts by inhibiting chlorophyll biosynthesis, light-mediated suppression of hypocotyl elongation and far-red light-mediated suppression of seed germination, and promoting negative gravitropism in hypocotyls. Light reduces this activity in a phy-dependent manner. The protein preferentially interacts with the Pfr forms of Phytochrome A (PhyA) and Phytochrome B (PhyB), is physically associated with APRR1/TOC1 and is degraded in red (R) and far-red (FR) light through the ubiquitin (ub)-26S proteasome pathway to optimize photomorphogenic development in Arabidopsis. It also negatively regulates GA3 oxidase expression.
Encodes an alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein. The active GTP-bound form of GPA1 binds to the GTG1 and GTG2 abscisic acid (ABA) receptors and appears to affect their GTPase and GTP-binding activity, and hence, ABA binding abilities. GPA1 is a positive regulator in ABA-mediated inhibition of stomatal opening. Plants with recessive mutant alleles have complex phenotypes including: reduced brassinolide response, reduced cell divisions, round leaves, short hypocotyls. It is likely to be involved in the signaling events that trigger unfolded protein response-associated cell death. GPA1 is also involved in sugar signaling.
Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor. Nuclear localization. Involved in light-regulated transcriptional activation of G-box-containing promoters. Negatively regulated by Cop1. Although cytokinins do not appear to affect the gene's promoter activity, they appear to stabilize the protein. HY5 plays a role in anthocyanin accumulation in far-red light and blue light, but not in red light or in the dark. Mutant studies showed that the gene product is involved in the positive regulation of the PHYA-mediated inhibition of hypocotyl elongation. Binds to G- and Z-boxes, and other ACEs, but not to E-box. Loss of function mutation shows ABA resistant seedling phenotypes suggesting involvement for HY5 in mediating ABA responses. Binds to the promoter of ABI5 and regulates its expression.
Similar to a putative transcription factor and transcriptional coactivators. Repressor of GA responses and involved in gibberellic acid mediated signaling. Member of the DELLA proteins that restrain the cell proliferation and expansion that drives plant growth. The protein undergoes degradation in response to GA via the 26S proteasome. GAI may be involved in reducing ROS accumulation in response to stress by up-regulating the transcription of superoxide dismutases. Represses GA-induced vegetative growth and floral initiation. Rapidly degraded in response to GA.
Involved in later steps of the gibberellic acid biosynthetic pathway. Activated by AGAMOUS in a cal-1, ap1-1 background. Deletion of 208 bp from -1016 to -809 (Δ-808) resulted in loss of GA-negative feedback (this sequence, which contains a 43-bp sequence GNFEI, was shown to be sufficient for GA-negative feedback).
Negative regulator of GA responses, member of GRAS family of transcription factors. Also belongs to the DELLA proteins that restrain the cell proliferation and expansion that drives plant growth. RGL1 may be involved in reducing ROS accumulation in response to stress by up-regulating the transcription of superoxide dismutases. Rapidly degraded in response to GA. Involved in flower and fruit development.
Encodes for a protein with ent-kaurene synthase B activity which catalyzes the second step in the cyclization of GGPP to ent-kaurene in the gibberellins biosynthetic pathway.
Member of the VHIID/DELLA regulatory family. Contains homopolymeric serine and threonine residues, a putative nuclear localization signal, leucine heptad repeats, and an LXXLL motif. Putative transcriptional regulator repressing the gibberellin response and integration of phytohormone signalling. DELLAs repress cell proliferation and expansion that drives plant growth. The protein undergoes degradation in response to GA via the 26S proteasome. RGA1 binds to PIF3 and inhibits its DNA binding activity and thus affects the expression of PIF3 regulated genes. RGA may be involved in reducing ROS accumulation in response to stress by up-regulating the transcription of superoxide dismutases. Represses GA-induced vegetative growth and floral initiation. Rapidly degraded in response to GA. Involved in fruit and flower development.
encodes a tonoplast intrinsic protein, which functions as water channel. highly expressed in root, stem, cauline leaves and flowers. Complete knock out mutants have no detectable phenotype from the wild type.
Encodes a DELLA protein, a member of the GRAS superfamily of putative transcription factors. DELLA proteins restrain the cell proliferation and expansion that drives plant growth. Negative regulator of the response to GA in controlling seed germination. GA triggers the degradation of RGL2 protein in a process blocked by both proteasome inhibitors and serine/threonine phosphatase inhibitors. The protein undergoes degradation in response to GA via the 26S proteasome. RGL2 may be involved in reducing ROS accumulation in response to stress by up-regulating the transcription of superoxide dismutases. Rapidly degraded in response to GA. Regulates GA-promoted seed germination. Involved in flower and fruit development.
Member of the R2R3-MYB gene family. Similar to GA-induced Barley myb gene. May be induced during germination in response to GA. Double mutants with MYB33 are male sterile, showing defects in pollen development and anther development. Contains a binding site for miRNA159 and may be spatially regulated by this micro RNA. The male sterile phenotype of the MYB33/MYB65 double mutant is light and temperature sensitive. Fertility can be restored with increased light intensity and lower temperatures.
Encodes a N-acetyl glucosamine transferase that may glycosylate other molecules involved in GA signaling. Contains a tetratricopeptide repeat region, and a novel carboxy-terminal region. SPY acts as both a repressor of GA responses and as a positive regulation of cytokinin signalling. SPY may be involved in reducing ROS accumulation in response to stress.
Encodes gibberellin 20-oxidase that is involved in the later steps of the gibberellin biosynthetic pathway. Regulated by a circadian clock. Weak expression response to far red light.
encodes a protein similar to endo xyloglucan transferase in sequence. It is also very similar to BRU1 in soybean, which is involved in brassinosteroid response.
Encodes a member of the myb family of transcription factors (MYB33), contains Pfam profile: PF00249 myb DNA-binding domain. Double mutants with MYB65 are male sterile- anthers are small, pollen development is defective. Spatial expression appears to be under the control of miR159, contains a target site for this micro RNA. When the target site is mutated , expression is detected in leaves, roots, anther filament, pistil. The expression of a translational fusion is specific to anther locules in contrast to constructs lacking the miR159 target site. Phenotype is conditional and can be restored by lower temperature or higher light intensity.
Encodes transcriptional regulator that promotes the transition to flowering.Involved in floral meristem development. LFY is involved in the regulation of AP3 expression, and appears to bring the F-box protein UFO to the AP3 promoter.
A member of SHI gene family. Arabidopsis thaliana has ten members that encode proteins with a RING finger-like zinc finger motif. Despite being highly divergent in sequence, many of the SHI-related genes are partially redundant in function and synergistically promote gynoecium, stamen and leaf development in Arabidopsis. Shi mutant is dominant, has dwarf phenotype. Loss of function mutations have no observable phenotype. Putative zinc finger protein. Involved in the response to gibberellic acid.
A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gibberellin stimulus.
A series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of gibberellic acid and dependent on the coupling of the alpha subunit of G proteins to the hormone receptors.
A series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of gibberellic acid and not dependent on the coupling of the alpha subunit of G proteins to the hormone receptors.
