This gene is predicted to encode a protein involved in negatively regulating salicylic acid-related defense responses and cell death programs. nsl1 mutants develop necrotic lesions spontaneously and show other features of a defense response, such as higher levels of SA and disease resistance-related transcripts, in the absence of a biotic stimulus. The NSL1 protein is predicted to have a MACPF domain, found in proteins that form a transmembrane pore in mammalian immune responses. NSL1 transcript levels do not appear to change in response to biotic stresses, but are elevated by cycloheximide in seedlings, and by sodium chloride in roots.
The gene encodes a gamma-glutamyltransferase (AKA gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, EC 2.3.2.2) that is located in vascular tissues (predominantly phloem) of leaves and is involved in the degradation of glutathione. The encoded enzyme also mitigates oxidative stress by metabolizing GSSG (oxidized form of GSH - glutathione) in the apoplast.
syntaxin protein, involved in the negative regulation of defense pathways such as programmed cell death, salicylic acid signalling pathway, jasmonic acid signalling pathway
Encodes a protein containing a domain with significant homology to the MACPF (membrane attack complex and perforin) domain of complements and perforin proteins that are involved in innate immunity in animals. Transgenic cad1-1 mutant plants show lesions seen in the hypersensitive response, as well as a spontaneous activation of expression of pathogenesis-related genes and leading to a 32-fold increase in salicylic acid (SA). CAD1 is postulated to act as a negative regulator controlling SA-mediated pathway of programmed cell death in plant immunity.
ATMPK3 (ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 3)
Encodes a mitogen-activated kinase whose mRNA levels increase in response to touch, cold, salinity stress and chitin oligomers.Also functions in ovule development. Heterozygous MPK3 mutants in a homozygous MPK6 background are female sterile due to defects in integument development. MPK3 can be dephosphorylated by MKP2 in vitro.
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LSD1 monitors a superoxide-dependent signal and negatively regulates a plant cell death pathway. contains zinc-finger motifs. LSD1 negatively regulates a basal defense pathway that can act upstream or independently of both NIM1/NPR1 function and SA accumulation following avirulent or virulent pathogen challenge
Any process by which callose is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location during the defense response. Callose is a linear 1,3-beta-d-glucan formed from UDP-glucose and is found in certain plant cell walls.
A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of salt (particularly but not exclusively sodium and chloride ions) in the environment.
