Encodes a small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) protein that becomes covalently attached to various intracellular protein targets through an isopeptide bond. SUMOylation typically has a post-translational effect on the behavior of the target protein.
Homologous to receptor protein kinases. Involved in specification of organs originating from the shoot apical meristem. Contains a cytoplasmic protein kinase catalytic domain, a transmembrane region, and an extracellular leucine-rich repeat. ER has been identified as a quantitative trait locus for transpiration efficiency by influencing epidermal and mesophyll development, stomatal density and porosity of leaves. It has been implicated in resistance to the bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum and to the necrotrophic fungus Plectosphaerella cucumerina. Together with ERL1 and ERL2, ER governs the initial decision of protodermal cells to either divide proliferatively to produce pavement cells or divide asymmetrically to generate stomatal complexes.
Encodes a receptor-like kinase that, together with ER and ERL1 governs the initial decision of protodermal cells to either divide proliferatively to produce pavement cells or divide asymmetrically to generate stomatal complexes. It is also important for maintaining stomatal stem cell activity and preventing terminal differentiation of the meristemoid into the guard mother cell. When heterozygous in an er/erl1 null background, plants are female sterile due to cell division defect in the integuments.
The process by which the anatomical structures of the stomatal complex are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The stomatal complex is the stomatal guard cells and their associated epidermal cells.
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ovule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The ovule is the structure in seed plants enclosing the female gametophyte, and is composed of the nucellus, one or two integuments, and the funiculus; it develops into the seed.